Element Rubidium

Origin of name from the Latin battle cry rubidius meaning dark red or deepest red. Atomic Number37 SymbolRb Atomic Weight85. 4678 Say what? atomic number 37 is pronounced asroo-BID-ee-em. DiscoveryR. bunsen, G. Kirchoff 1861 (Germany), discovered rubidium in the mineral petalite via its dark red spectral lines. Element ClassificationAlkali Metal Density (g/cc)1. 532 liquescent Point (K)312. 2 Boiling Point (K)961 Appearancesoft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal Atomic rung (pm)248 Atomic Volume (cc/mol)55. 9 Covalent Radius (pm)216 Ionic Radius147 (+1e) Specific Heat (20C J/g mol)0. 360 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol)2. 0 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol)75. 8 Pauling negativity Number0. 82 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol)402. 8 Oxidation States+1 Lattice StructureBody-Centered cubiform Lattice Constant (A)5. 590 CAS Registry Number7440-17-7 PropertiesRubidium may be liquid at live temperature. It ignites spontaneously in air and reacts violently in water, setting fire to the liberated hydrogen . Thus, rubidium must(prenominal) be stored under dry mineral oil, in a vacuum, or in an inert atmosphere. It is a soft, silvery-white metallic grammatical constituent of the alkali group. Rubidium forms amalgams with mercury and alloys with gold, sodium, potassium, and cesium.Rubidium glows red-violet in a flame test. Rubidium trivia Rubidium melts just a little above body temperature. Rubidium was discovered using spectroscopy. When Bunsen and Kirchoff examined their sample of petalite, they found two red spectral lines deep into the red part of the spectrum. They named their new portion rubidium after the Latin wordrubidusmeaning deepest red. Rubidium is the second most electropositive element. Rubidium can be used to give fireworks a red-violet color. Rubidium is the 23rdmost abundant element in the Earths crust. Rubidium chloride is used in biochemistry as a biomarker to track where potassium is taken up by living organisms. The hyper-fine electron structure of Rubidi um-87 is used in some atomic clocks to concord accuracy. The isotope Ru-87 was used by Eric Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, and Carl Wiemen to produce a Bose-Einstein condensate. This earned them the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics. Reference http//chemistry. about. com/od/elementfacts/a/rubidium. htm http//www. lenntech. com/periodic/elements/rb. htm http//www. webelements. com/rubidium/ http//education. jlab. org/itselemental/ele037. html pic